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Dacite

Igneous volcanic rock, less mafic than andesite, typically fine-grained and light in color; rough volcanic equivalent of granodiorite.

Damage Function

Relationship that shows how pollution damage varies with the level of pollution emitted, and what the monetary value of that damage is.

Dead storage

The volume in a reservoir below the lowest controllable level.

Deciduous trees

Trees such as oaks and maples that lose their leaves during part of the year. See coniferous trees.

Decomposition

The breakdown of matter by bacteria and fungi. It changes the chemical composition and physical appearance of the materials. See composting.

Deficit Spending

A term which refers to the situation wherein he government spends more than it receives in taxes.

Deforestation

Those practices or processes that result in the change of forested lands to non-forest uses. This is often cited as one of the major causes of the enhanced greenhouse effect for two reasons:1) the burning or decomposition of the wood releases carbon dioxide; and 2) trees that once removed carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in the process of photosynthesis are no longer present and contributing to carbon storage.

Degradable

See biodegradable.

Delaney Clause

The Delaney Clause in the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) states that no additive shall be deemed to be safe for human food if it is found to induce cancer in man or animals. It is an example of the zero tolerance concept in food safety policy. The Delaney prohibition appears in three separate parts of the FFDCA: Section 409 on food additives; Section 512, relating to animal drugs in meat and poultry; and Section 721 on color additives. The Section 409 prohibition applied to many pesticide residues until enactment of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 (P.L. 104-170, August 3, 1996). This legislation removed pesticide residue tolerances from Delaney Clause constraints.

Delivery/release

The quantity of water delivered at a point of use and the quantity released after use.

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