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Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)
A compound consisting of one carbon atom and four chlorine atoms. It is an ozone depleting substance. Carbon tetrachloride was widely used as a raw material in many industrial applications, including the production of chlorofluorocarbons, and as a solvent. Solvent use was ended in the United States when it was discovered to be carcinogenic. See ozone depleting substance.
Carbonate
Sediment, or rocks formed by sediment, derived from the precipitation of calcium, magnesium, or iron carbonates, (CaCO3, MgCO3, or FeCO3) either from inorganic or oganic sources. For example, limestone or dolomite.
Carrying capacity
The maximum stocking rate for livestock possible without damaging vegetation or related resources. Carrying capacity may vary from year to year on the same area, due to fluctuating forage production. Used by the government in decisions about how many livestock will be allowed on an allotment on public lands.
Cartel
A group of producers with an agreement to collude in setting prices and output.
Catchment area
See Drainage basin.
Categorical Assistance
Public assistance aimed at a particular category of people, like the elderly or the disabled.
Causation
Relationship that results when an change in one variable is not only correlated with but actually causes the change in another one.
Ceiling
The height of the lowest layer of clouds, when the sky is broken or overcast.
Central Planning
The system in which central government bureaucrats (as opposed to private entrepreneurs or even local government bureaucrats) determine what will be produced an how it will be produced.
Centralization
Organizational structure in which decision making is concentrated at the top.

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