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Basic hydrologic data
Includes inventories of features of land and water that vary only from place to place (topographic and geologic maps are examples), and records of processes that vary with both place and time. (Records of precipitation, streamflow, ground-water, and quality-of-water analyses are examples.) Basic hydrologic information is a broader term that includes surveys of the water resources of particular areas and a study of their physical and related economic processes, interrelations and mechanisms.
Basic solution
Water solution with more hydroxide ions (OH-) than hydrogen ions (H+); water solutions with pH greater than 7. See acid solution, alkalinity.
Basic-stage flood series
See Partial duration flood series
BAT
Best available technology.
Bedrock
General term referring to the rock underlying other unconsolidated material, i.e. soil.
Benefit-Cost Analysis
A tally/comparison of expenditures and advantages in dollar terms resulting from various actions.
Benefits in Kind
Noncash forms of pay or assistance.
Bequest Savings Motive
People save so that they can leave an inheritance to their children
Bequest Values
Willingness to pay to preserve the environment for the benefit of our children and grandchildren
Berlin Mandate
A ruling negotiated at the first Conference of the Parties (COP 1), which took place in March, 1995, concluding that the present commitments under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change are not adequate. Under the Framework Convention, developed countries pledged to take measures aimed at returning their greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by the year 2000. The Berlin Mandate establishes a process that would enable the Parties to take appropriate action for the period beyond 2000, including a strengthening of developed country commitments, through the adoption of a protocol or other legal instruments. See United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Conference of the Parties.

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