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ALERT

Automated Local Event Reporting in Real Time. Network of automatic raingauges that transmit via VHF radio link when precipitation occurs. Some sites are also equipped with other sensors such as temperature, wind, pressure, river stage or tide level.

Alkaline

Term pertaining to a highly basic, as opposed to acidic, subtance. For example, hydroxide or carbonate of sodium or potassium.

Alkalinity

Having the properties of a base with a pH of more than 7. A common alkaline is baking soda.

Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS)

The group of Pacific and Caribbean nations who call for relatively fast action by developed nations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The AOSIS countries are concerned by the effects of rising sea levels and increased storm activity predicted to accompany global warming. Its plan is to hold Annex I Parties to a 20 percent reduction in carbon dioxide emissions by the year 2005. See Annex I Parties.

Allocative Efficiency

Obtaining the most consumer satisfaction from available resources.

Allochthonous

Refers to something formed elswhere than its present location. Antonym of autochthonous.

Alternative energy

Energy derived from nontraditional sources (e.g., compressed natural gas, solar, hydroelectric, wind).

Altocumulus

Mid-altitude clouds with a cumuliform shape.

Altostratus

Mid-altitude clouds with a flat sheet-like shape.

Ambient Charge

A form of tax on non uniformly mixed pollutants. It is calculated to be the same in terms of the emission's impact on ambient environmental quality at some receptor site. As a result, an ambient charge to a firm closer to the receptor site will normally be higher per litre than that charged to firms further away.

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